Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a neurodegenerative disease that is more common in the elderly，mainly manifesting as memory loss，cognitive dysfunction，and behavioral abnormalities. Studies have found that estrogen （ER） replacement therapy can delay the progression of AD，but its application can cause various side effects，so finding new treatments has become an inevitable trend. Studies have shown phytoestrogen （PE），which has a similar structure to 17β-estradiol，has a good effects on AD and has fewer side effects，and can replace estrogen to play a neuroprotective role in treating AD. It is well known that mitochondria are an important factor for cell survival in all cell morphologies. The normal functioning of neurons depends to a large extent on the health of mitochondria. This text will review the related content of the phytoestrogens-mediated mitochondrial protective effect on neurons.