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Research Progress of Cortical Spreading Depression ZHAO Bo, YU Ai-mei, ZOU Yu-an ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 28-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.006 Abstract（ 79） PDF（1210KB）（ 25） Cortical spreading depression is an inhibitory band of electrical activity generated after the cerebral cortex is stimulated. This inhibitory band can rapidly destroy and depolarize the concentration gradient of transmembrane ions in the cerebral cortex，resulting in short circuits inside and outside cells，which can affect brain perfusion and metabolism.resulting in a poor prognosis. This paper will summarize the research progress of CSR from the following aspects. Related Articles|Metrics

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A Preliminary Study on the Effect of 5-HT2A/D2 Receptor Balancing Antagonist NH809 on Schizophrenia YU Min-quan, XU Xiang-qing ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 1-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.001 Abstract（ 73） PDF（1284KB）（ 31） Objective：To investigate the pharmacological effects of 5-HT2A/D2 receptor balancing antagonist NH809 on schizophrenia in vivo. Methods：The effects of NH809 on schizophrenia in vivo were evaluated by MK-801 hydrogen maleat（0.3 mg·kg -1，ip） induced hyperactivity model in mice，apomorphine （1 mg·kg -1，sc） induced climbing model in mice and conditioned avoidance response（CAR） in rats，and compared with risperidone. Results：NH809 had dose-dependent inhibitory effect on MK-801 hydrogen maleate induced high activity model，apomorphine-induced climbing behavior in mice and conditioned avoidance response in vivo，with ED50 of 0.04，0.05 and 0.24 mg·kg -1，respectively. The ED50 of risperidone in these three models were 0.06，0.68 and 0.60 mg·kg -1，respectively. Conclusion：NH809 has significant pharmacological effects on several animal models of schizophrenia，and its activity in vivo is better than risperidone. Related Articles|Metrics

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Denosumab in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis ZHANG Mei, WEI Wei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 35-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.007 Abstract（ 66） PDF（1144KB）（ 0） Osteoporosis is a common complication of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. Denosumab，a human antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand，can suppress the differentiation and activation of osteoclast，increase bone mineral density （BMD）， and reduce the incidence of fracture. Denosumab can be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In the patients with RA，it can efficiently increase bone mineral density，suppress the progression of bone erosion，but it does not affect synovitis and disease activity. The combination of denosumab and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs，can inhibit bone erosion synergistically with good tolerance and no increases in infection rates. We should concern about rare side effects，such as osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femoral fracture. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation with denosumab treatment is beneficial to prevent hypocalcemia. We should pay attention to the risk of bone mineral density decline and vertebral fractures after drug discontinuation. Denosumab discontinuation might be considered under the guidance of doctors. Administration of a bisphosphonate after denosumab discontinuation is recommended. Related Articles|Metrics

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Clinical Observation of Rivaroxaban and Warfarin in the Treatment of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis LU Fei-hu, YU Xue ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 5-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.002 Abstract（ 54） PDF（1231KB）（ 10） Objective：To analyze the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban and warfarin on cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Methods：A total of 52 patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Bengbu from February 2018 to February 2022 were selected as the research objects，and were divided into observation group（n=25） and control group （n=27） according to different anticoagulant drugs. The observation group was given rivaroxaban for anticoagulation treatment，and the control group was given warfarin for anticoagulation treatment. The results of international normalized ratio （INR） and activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and the occurrence of bleeding and embolism complications during treatment were analyzed and compared between the two groups for 3 months after anticoagulation treatment，so as to study and compare the anticoagulation efficacy of drugs in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis between the two groups. Results：The results of INR and APTT were （1.4±0.3） s and （40.1±2.5） s respectively in the observation group after 3 months of anticoagulant treatment，which were lower than those in the control group （2.5±0.7） s and （42.3±4.0） s，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. One case of skin and mucous membrane hemorrhage occurred in the observation group. The incidence of bleeding complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. There were one case of ischemic cerebral infarction in the observation group and three cases of ischemic cerebral infarction in the control group，as well as one case of severe pulmonary embolism and one case of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs. The incidence of venous and arterial embolization adverse events was lower than that of the control group，but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Conclusion：The rivaroxaban drugs in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis，clinical effect is significantly better than that of warfarin anticoagulant drugs to have a lower incidence of bleeding，the rivaroxaban anticoagulant thrombosis appeared in the process of adverse events and warfarin had no significant differences，these make it on in the treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in clinical effect is better than drug warfarin. Related Articles|Metrics

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2022 Laboratory Animal Model Symposium Conference Abstract ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 52-. Abstract（ 39） PDF（1840KB）（ 8） Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on the Application of Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation CUI Pei, SUN Yu-jiao, CHEN Jing-jing, ZHANG Xin-yu, DONG Yan-hong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 23-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.005 Abstract（ 36） PDF（1189KB）（ 7） Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique，has been widely used in neuroscience research and the treatment of some neuropsychiatric diseases. Accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation will increase the daily use frequency on the basis of conventional transcranial magnetic stimulation. This article will briefly review the intervention study of accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation on common brain diseases and the comparison with conventional schemes. Related Articles|Metrics

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The Regulatory Mechanism of Protein S-Nitrosylation and Its Relationship with Nervous System Diseases HUA Dan, ZHOU Xue-xia, WANG Qian, SHI Cui-juan, TANG Li-da, YU Shi-zhu ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 17-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.004 Abstract（ 35） PDF（1311KB）（ 15） Protein S-nitrosylation refers to the process of attaching a nitric oxide （NO）-derived group to a cysteine （Cys） thiol to generate S-nitrosothiol （SNO）. S-nitrosylation is a reversible posttranslational modification，which acts a key role in the signal transduction pathway contributing to a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the nervous system. This article will summarize the regulatory mechanism of S-nitrosylation，its relationship with the pathogenesis，and the treatment of neurological diseases based on S-nitrosylation，in order to provide a new idea for the development of such research in the future. Related Articles|Metrics

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Study on the Prevention and Treatment Mechanism of Single Herb Extract on Acute Lung Injury XU Fei, WU Jiu-zai, ZHANG Qiang-qiang, CHEN Zheng-yuan, CHEN Dong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 34-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.007 Abstract（ 29） PDF（1146KB）（ 8） Acute lung injury is a serious respiratory disease，which has high incidence rate and mortality. Western medicine mainly focuses on targeted supportive treatment，but there is no effective treatment way at present. On the contrary，traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of multi-target，multi-component，low sideeffects，and has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury. At the same time，in recent years，with the in-depth study of traditional Chinese medicine on acute lung injury，achieved ideal results. Therefore，this paper reviews the mechanism of single herbextracts in the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury，in order to provide scientific basis for basic experimental research and clinical application in this field. Related Articles|Metrics

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Comparative Study on Piglet Weaning Stress Syndrome and Diarrhea Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Liver Stagnation and Spleen Deficiency Syndrome WEI Yuan-yuan, ZHANG Yan-nan, FAN Yi-meng, GA Yu, WANG Hui-ru, HAN Jun-cheng, LV Jian-yu, HAO Zhi-hui ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 44-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.009 Abstract（ 28） PDF（1197KB）（ 9） One or two weeks after weaning，piglets usually have a series of changes，such as poor appetite，digestive dysfunction，diarrhea，slow growth，low feed utilization rate，poor mental status and poor appearance，which is generally called piglet weaning stress syndrome. Its fatality rate is high，even if it has been tolerated，it will seriously affect the growth and development of piglets in the later stage and the production performance of adults. The clinical cure rate is not high，and there is a lack of suitable experimental animal models for research. According to syndrome differentiation analysis，both piglet weaning stress syndrome and diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome belong to the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency. Therefore，this paper reviews the etiology，pathogenesis，syndrome types and related experimental animal models of weaning stress and diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome in piglets. To provide a reasonable way to study piglet weaning stress syndrome by using the animal model of diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome. Related Articles|Metrics

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3D Clinostat Simulates the Effects of Microgravity on the Bones and Hearts of Mice SONG Chen-chen, XIONG Yi, KANG Tai-sheng, SHI Xu-dong, GAO Kai, DONG Wei, GUO Jian-guo, QIN Chuan ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 39-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.008 Abstract（ 26） PDF（2236KB）（ 13） Objective：To explore the effect of 3D clinostat simulation microgravity effect on mice bones and heart. Methods：Twenty-five 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups （n= 3~5）：ground control group （GC group），3-week-treated control group （TC3 group），3 weeks simulated microgravity group （SM3 group），6-week-treated control group （TC6 group），6 weeks simulated microgravity group （SM6 group）. Micro-CT was used to detect the changes of left femur parameters in mice. Results：The results showed that compared with GC group，the bone volume/tissue volume and trabecular thickness of mice in TC3，SM3，TC6 and SM6 groups were significantly decreased （P<0.05），the trabecular spaceing was significantly increased （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in trabecular number and cortical bone wall thickness. After 3 weeks of treatment with the 3D clinostat，other heart parameters did not change compared to the thinning of the LVPW in mice. Diastolic and systolic left ventricle diameter decreased，LV Mass became lighter，and tight space led to increased stroke volume and ejection fraction. Conclusion：Microgravity effects simulated by 3D clinostat can lead to bone loss in mice，and affect the structure and function of the heart with time effect. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Inflammatory Related Derivative Indices and Acute Myocardial Infarction WANG Jia-qi, WU Lu-lu, ZHANG Fei-fei, GAO Man, DANG Yi, QI Xiao-yong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 11-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.03.003 Abstract（ 26） PDF（1215KB）（ 11） Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is the most serious type of cardiovascular disease，which can lead to arrhythmia，heart failure and even sudden death. Recent studies have shown that inflammatory response is closely related to the occurrence and development of AMI and the damage repair after myocardial infarction. As an important part of human immune system，various inflammatory cells are involved in the occurrence and development of AMI. Inflammation-related derived indicators such as NLR，LMR and SII can reflect the inflammatory state of the body，and a large number of studies have found that they have certain predictive value in the diagnosis，treatment，prognosis and complications of AMI. This article mainly reviews the role of inflammation-related derived indicators in AMI，in order to provide a new basis for the pathogenesis and treatment of AMI. Related Articles|Metrics

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Internal Quality Control and External Quality Assessment of SAT Test for Mycoplasma Pneumoniae WANG Bin, XU Jia-yin, LI Ya-di, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 14-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.003 Abstract（ 16） PDF（1480KB）（ 0） Objective：The method of testing Mycoplasma pneumoniae by SAT was used to carry out Internal Quality Control and External Quality Assessment in Zhangjiakou Jianyuan Medical Laboratory，so as to find out the deficiencies of the laboratory and make adjustments to improve the laboratory quality. Methods：Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP） quality control products were diluted 10 times as positive control，and then diluted 10 times，100 times and 1 000 times on the basis of the positive control，in which the dilution of 100 times and 1 000 times was repeated for four times. Simultaneous Amplification and Testing （SAT） of RNA was used to observe the curve，sensitivity and precision of detection under the same conditions as negative control and positive control. In addition，multiple MP samples provided by the Molecular Laboratory of the Pediatric Research Institute of Tianjin Children’s Hospital were carried out blind RNA testing. Finally，the test results of the two laboratories were compared to make an accurate evaluation of the laboratory. Results：The quality control products with 10 times，100 times and 1 000 times dilution were all positive，and the CT values were all less than 30 cycles. Observe the curves of four repeat tubes of 100 times diluted quality control products and the curves of four repeat tubes of 1 000 times diluted quality control products，all of which are “S” shaped curves. The results of MP sample RNA blind test were positive for the first one and negative for the rest，which were consistent with the results provided by the Molecular Laboratory of Pediatric Research Institute of Tianjin Children’s Hospital. Conclusion：IQC test shows that the laboratory has good sensitivity and precision，and EQA test shows that the laboratory has very high accuracy，which all meet the requirements of relevant standards for the laboratory，making the test results more meaningful. Related Articles|Metrics

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Effects of Peony Licorice Decoction Extract on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response of Cardiomyocytes induced by Hydrogen Peroxide LIU Jin-jie, HE Wei, PENG Xin-ru, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 21-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.004 Abstract（ 16） PDF（1368KB）（ 2） Objective：To investigate the effect of Peony licorice decoction extract （SYG） on oxidative stress and inflammatory response induced by hydrogen peroxide （H 2O 2） on myocardial cells. Methods：Myocardial cells were divided into five groups，respectively normal group，model group （200 μmol·L -1H 2 O 2） and SYG groups （150，100，50 μg·mL -1），and after the intervention of Peony licorice decoction for 24 h，H 2 O 2was treated for 2 h，then MTT method was used to detect cell proliferation ability，determination of superoxide dismutase （SOD），catalase （CAT），lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） and malondialdehyde （MDA） by UV spectrophotometry. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α（ TNF-α），inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS），cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2），and nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB）in myocardial cells. Results：H 2 O 2induction could significantly reduce the contents of SOD and CAT，and significantly increase the contents of MDA and LDH，while SYG could significantly improve the above phenomena，and SYG could inhibit the expression of TNF-α，iNOS，COX- 2 and NF-κB. Conclusion：SYG can inhibit the oxidative stress and inflammatory response of myocardial cells induced by H 2 O 2，and has a certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia. It is speculated that its anti-inflammatory mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TNF-α to activate NF-κB pathway to inhibit the expression of iNOS and COX-2，but the specific mechanism still needs to be further clarified. Related Articles|Metrics

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2022 Laboratory Animal Model Symposium Conference Abstract Index ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (3): 64-. Abstract（ 15） PDF（854KB）（ 7） Related Articles|Metrics

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Evaluation of APP/PS-1/Tau Female Mice to Simulate the Pathological Model of Female AD DU Jia-rui, LIU Fu-wang, SHEN Xu-ri, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (5): 1-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.05.001 Abstract（ 15） PDF（16584KB）（ 13） Objective：To screen an animal model that is compatible with female AD syndrome and to provide a basis for the study of compound therapeutic targets for AD. Methods： 3×Tg-AD female mice as the research object and C57BL/6J （wild type，WT） female mice as the control，the estrogen level in vivo was detected by Elisa. Differences in femoral bone mass and ovarian aging were observed by HE staining. The spatial learning and memory of mice were measured by Morris water maze. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of APP/PS-1/Tau protein in the hippocampus. Nissl staining was used to observe the neuronal Nissl bodies in the brain. Results：The estrogen，bone mass of femur and ovary of female mice at the age of 3，6 and 10 months were significantly down-regulated in an age-dependent manner.Morris water maze data showed that the escape latency of 3×Tg-AD mice at the age of 6 and 10 months was significantly higher than WT mice. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the co-expression of Aβ/PS-1/Tau protein increased in the hippocampus of 3×Tg-AD mice at 10 months of age. Compared with the control group，the neurons in the hippocampus of 3×Tg-AD mice aged 3-month-old were neatly arranged，with clear cell layers and larger cell bodies，with no significant difference. While neurons in 6-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice were loosely arranged， Nissl body dissolved and disappeared，with the number decreased，and the arrangement and apoptosis of neurons in 10-month-old mice were more obvious. Conclusion：The 10-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice had learning and memory impairment，increased Aβ accumulation and Tau in the brain，significantly decreased estrogen levels in vivo，significant differences in femoral bone mass and significant signs of ovarian apoptosis.it coincides with the clinicopathological symptoms of postmenopausal women with AD，which is an ideal female dementia model. Related Articles|Metrics

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2022 National Conference on Cognition, Aging and Related Diseases ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (5): 24-. Abstract（ 14） PDF（2590KB）（ 16） Related Articles|Metrics

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Clinical Study on the Treatment of Pruritus in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Runfu Zhiyang Decoction LI Zhen-wen, ZHANG Ya-nan, SUN Hong-sheng ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 31-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.006 Abstract（ 13） PDF（1125KB）（ 3） Objective：To investigate the clinical effect of Runfu Zhiyang Decoction in the treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients complicated with skin pruritus. Methods：A retrospective analysis was used to select 40 patients with pruritus who regularly underwent peritoneal dialysis in Shijiazhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to January 2022 as the research objects. All patients were treated with Moisturizing and relieving pruritus prescription fumigation and washing. After 4 weeks of treatment，the visual analogue scale （VAS） and TCM syndrome score scale were used to evaluate the skin pruritus before and after treatment. Results：The VAS score and TCM syndrome score after treatment were lower than those before treatment，and the difference was statistically significant （ P<0.05）. The total effective rate was 82.5%. Conclusion：Runfu Zhiyang Decoction in the treatment of peritoneal dialysis patients complicated with skin pruritus has obvious effect，can reduce the degree of pruritus， improve the psychological state and quality of life of patients，high safety，worthy of clinical promotion. Related Articles|Metrics

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Discussion on the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes from Liver and Spleen SONG Qiu-jing, WANG Juan ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 58-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.011 Abstract（ 12） PDF（1124KB）（ 0） Type 2 diabetes is a genetically predisposed endocrine metabolic disease caused by multiple factors. The disease is widespread worldwide and seriously endangers human health. At present，the pathogenesis of modern medicine for this disease has not been fully understood， clinical treatment of this disease is mostly to enhance the sensitivity of islet β cells or promote insulin secretion to stabilize glucose，including diet exercise therapy，oral hypoglycemic drug therapy，insulin therapy and so on. Traditional medicine believes that type 2 diabetes belongs to the category of Xiaoke，the disease is located in the lungs，stomach and kidneys，and its basic disease mechanism is yin deficiency internal dry heat，and the system of triple Xiao is adopted when dialectics. However，with the rapid development of the times and the changes in the lifestyle of modern people，the existing treatment methods of traditional Chinese and Western medicine have been unable to meet the needs of clinical type 2 diabetes patients in an all-round and multi-level manner，so it is imperative to seek safe and efficient treatment. Whether from the perspective of basic theory，molecular mechanism，animal experiment or clinical research，there are unique advantages in the treatment of type 2 diabetes from the liver and spleen，which have gradually become a hot topic in today’s research. This article reviews the research progress of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes from the liver and spleen，so as to provide new treatment ideas for the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. Related Articles|Metrics

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Study on the Influencing Factors and Related Mechanisms of Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease DONG Lu-lu, WANG Lu-lu, CHEN Jing-hong, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 53-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.010 Abstract（ 10） PDF（1091KB）（ 0） Long-term administration of levodopa to restore dopamine levels in the brain has long been the gold standard treatment for Parkinson’s disease （PD）. Levodopa supplementation improves the motor symptoms of PD，but the effect of long-term medication on levodopa-induced dyskinesias （LID） is still a controversial and urgent problem to be solved clinically. At present，there are different analyses on the risk factors of LID caused by levodopa， and many factors affect each other. This article will review the incidence and influencing factors of PD dyskinesia，so as to avoid intervention of risk factors in the process of diagnosis and treatment，prevent and reduce the occurrence of LID as early as possible. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Agrimony in the Treatment of Intestinal Diseases ZHAO Hui-qiao, SHI Tong-tong, LI Zhong-ping, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2022, 12 (2): 42-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2022.02.008 Abstract（ 8） PDF（1084KB）（ 0） By collecting recent literature on the chemical constituents of Agrimony， potential active ingredients for intestinal diseases，and the clinical application of Agrimony，we found that Agrimony can not only treat hemoptysis，hematemesis，metrorrhagia and other types of hemorrhage，but also treat inflammatory bowel disease，irritable bowel syndrome，bacillary dysentery and other intestinal diseases. In this paper，a review is carried out on the basis of this research，in order to provide more theoretical basis for the treatment of intestinal diseases by Agrimony. Related Articles|Metrics