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Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Drugs of Alzheimer’s Disease LIU Chang, MENG Xian-yong, DONG Xiao-hua ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (4): 36-40. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.04.007 Abstract（ 287） PDF（1085KB）（ 79） Alzheimer’s disease（AD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with concealed onset and development. The main morbidity group is the elderly. The clinical manifestations of AD are mainly the dysfunction of body functions such as behavior，memory and expression. AD can be easily ignored in the early stage，so as to miss the best treatment period.It has seriously affected the life and health of the elderly.With the aggravation of social aging，prevention and treatment of AD has become an important topic in global research.The current research shows that the pathogenesis of AD include abnormal precipitation of Aβ protein hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein and abnormalities of cholinergic system. In recent years，researchers all over the world have developed many drugs for treating AD through continuous exploration and research. Although the number of therapeutic drugs is increasing，the condition of AD is very complicated，and its pathogenesis cannot be determined. Most drugs are only used to relieve symptoms，and there are no drugs for truly complete treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis of AD and the progress in drug therapy in recent years. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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Relationship between Adult Hippocampus Neurogenesis and Alzheimer’s Disease DING Sheng-kai, LIU Qing-qing, LIU Xin-yang, SHANG Ya-zhen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (6): 48-53. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.06.009 Abstract（ 270） PDF（1082KB）（ 59） Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a common neurodegenerative disease in old age and has been published by world health organization(WHO)as one of the largest global public health issues facing mankind. The main clinical symptom is the progressive decline of learning and memory ability. The neuropathological changes of AD include senile plaque(SP)formed byβ-amyloid protein(Aβ)of accumulated outside of neuon，neurofibrillary tangle(NFT)formed by hyperphosphorylated Tau protein of inside the neuron，neuron loss and degeneration，synapse decrease and so on. Especially，the abnormal neurogenesis is also involved in the neuropathological process of AD. There are many studies have showed that neurogenesis is a process of neural stem cells in hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mammals to produce new neuron. The increased adult neurogenesis can compensate the injured neurons and save the learning and memory impairment. Then，the promotion of adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be beneficial to treatment of AD. The present paper summarizes the relationship between the adult hippocampal neurogenesis and Alzheimer’s disease. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Antioxidant Treatment HAO Jun-rong, NIU Hong-shuang, LIU Yi-zhou, DONG Xiao-hua ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (2): 33-38. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.02.007 Abstract（ 234） PDF（1103KB）（ 51） Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most common and major complications in diabetic patients. It occurrences rate is higher and has extremely high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oxidation should play a significant role in the course of diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes can enhance the activity of the oxidation of emergency. Oxidative stress is one of the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease which can lead to diabetes complications. Oxidative stress can also lead to renal interstitial，glomerular and renal cell damage，and damage of kidney function. Due to oxidative stress is associated with inflammatory cells with dense，it often exists at the same time，they activate each other. ROS can be mediated kidney inflammation and accelerate the development of diabetic kidney disease，high sugar also affect kidney function by influencing the renal blood flow. Based on the close relationship between oxidative stress and diabetic kidney disease，antioxidants should be considered to treat diabetic nephropathy. At present，Vc，Ve and ACEI drugs can be used for diabetic nephropathy clinically，as well as some other antioxidants such as calcium antagonists，PKC inhibitors and even Traditional Chinese medicine. In the future，oxidative stress can be targeted to study more and better drugs for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease. Related Articles|Metrics

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Roles of Histone Acetylation in Aging HUANG Bo-yue, YANG Bao-xue ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2021, 11 (2): 53-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.010 Abstract（ 182） PDF（1480KB）（ 38） As a complex multi-factor biological process，aging is characterized by the gradual decline of cell homeostasis，tissue function and body health over time. Aging weakens the gene expression control regulated by epigenetic factors. Histone modification is a key regulatory factor that controls chromatin structure and gene transcription，thereby affecting various important cellular biological processes. More and more studies have shown that histone acetylation under various environmental stimuli is involved in the regulation of translation，which affects gene expression and lifespan. In this review，we summarize the mechanisms of histone acetylation in gene regulation and senescence，describe the direct or indirect roles of histone acetylation in the aging-related gene expression and signaling pathways，and discuss the potential of histone acetylation as therapeutic targets against aging. Related Articles|Metrics

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Betulinic Acid Ameliorates Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Rats#br# #br# ZHANG Chao ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2021, 11 (1): 1-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.01.001 Abstract（ 154） PDF（4325KB）（ 32） Objective：To investigate the change and effect of P38 MAPK in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury （AKI） and the interfered effect of betulinic acid （BA）. Methods：40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups：control group（ C），group AKI（ A），group AKI+BA（ AB），group AKI+SB203580（ AS），group AKI+BA+SB203580（ ABS）. The experimental model of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI was established by injecting 50% glycerin intramuscular into the hind limbs. Group AB，AS and ABS were administered intraperitoneally with BA and SB203580 separately or together. 24 hours after glycerin injection，the venous blood and kidney samples were taken. The serum creatinine（ CR），blood urea nitrogen（ BUN） and creatine kinase（ CK） were detected with automatic biochemistry analyzer. The expression of pP38 MAPK，P38 MAPK and cleaved caspase-3 in kidney were assayed by Western Blot. The pathological changes were examined by H&E staining. The levels of TNFα and IL6 in kidney were measured by ELISA. Results：Glycerin injection induced acute injury and pP38/P38 ratio was higher in the kidney，which were ameliorated by administration of BA and SB203580. In the dosage of this experiment，BA had better curative effect on renal function，kidney injury score，apoptosis rate and IL-6 level than SB203580. But the inhibition of P38 phosphorylation of SB203580 was stronger than BA. The influence on TNF-α of both drugs were similar. Generally，combined treatment of the two drugs had no significant difference with BA alone. Conclusion：In rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI，P38 MAPK was activated. Inhibition of P38 phosphorylation by SB203580 could reduce the level of Cr and BUN，suppress renal inflammation，alleviate the pathological damage and apoptosis. BA played a renoprotective role at least partially through inhibit ing the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Methods of Drug in Vitro Liver Metabolism LI Lan, ZHANG Dan-shen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (4): 10-13. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.04.003 Abstract（ 153） PDF（1131KB）（ 31） In vitro metabolism research is of great significance to elucidate the substance basis and mechanism of action of drugs. Common in vitro liver metabolism research methods include liver microsome in vitro warming method，hepatocyte in vitro warming method，liver perfusion technology，liver tissue sectioning technology，gene recombinant P450 enzyme system，etc. The liver metabolism of drugs in vitro cannot fully reflect the comprehensive metabolism of drugs in the body，and there is a difference from the actual metabolism in the body. In the future，it is necessary to combine in vivo experiments and other methods to improve the study of drug metabolism and transport in and out of the body；In vitro liver metabolism research methods such as the P450 enzyme system have high requirements on equipment，experimental operation costs，and data processing technology. Their application and promotion are still subject to certain constraints and restrictions. In the future，simple，fast，economical，and efficient scientific and technical methods and means need to be established. Because the liver metabolism of drugs in vitro has a huge role in promoting the research and development of new drugs and correctly guiding clinical co-administration，this article will focus on them. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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Study on the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Quercetin in Alzheimer’s Disease ZHAO Yu-wei, ZHEN Yan-jie, DAI Yue-ying, SHEN Li-xia ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (5): 55-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.05.012 Abstract（ 148） PDF（1251KB）（ 13） Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory loss，and its pathogenesis is complex. At present，no effective drugs and therapeutic approaches have been found clinically to fundamentally prevent and cure AD. Quercetin is a flavonoid phytoestrogen that simulates estrogen stimulation of estrogen receptors to produce weak estrogen activity and has a protective effect on the nervous system. Quercetin has high biological activity，wide source，no teratogenicity，no carcinogenesis，no lethal effect，so it has been widely concerned. In this review，the biological activity of quercetin，its neuroprotective effect on AD and its mechanism of action were reviewed，with a view to providing reference for the research of related drugs for AD. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Signal Pathways in Drug Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis GUO Zi-xia, AN Zi-xuan, ZHANG Jian-mei, ZHANG Dan-shen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (4): 41-50. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.04.008 Abstract（ 146） PDF（1223KB）（ 43） Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a disease affected by multiple factors and is prone to repeated attacks. It is one of the most intractable diseases recognized in the world. The effect of current drug treatment is not good，so people pay more and more attention to it. This article mainly reviews the signal pathways related to UC pathogenesis and the effects of therapeutic drugs，to provide more reference for future research on new drugs or new mechanisms，and to classify and evaluate the modeling methods of animal models used in experiments，in order to provide references for researchers to choose suitable models. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on Physiological Activity of Patchouli XU Jia-qi, ZHANG Hai-hong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (3): 27-32. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.005 Abstract（ 130） PDF（1046KB）（ 16） Patchouli is one of the top ten southern medicines in China. Its main functions are to dispel heat and dehumidify，prevent stomach vomiting，and aromatize turbidity. Patchouli general forms of treatment by patchouli essential oil and water extract，its main ingredients include flavonoids，terpenoids，alkaloids，and some chemicals，such as alcohols，the major effective components have a wide grandiflorum，sweet alcohol，ketone of patchouli and patchouli ene，etc.have anti-inflammatory analgesic，protect the gastrointestinal tract，antitumor，anti malaria parasites and antioxidant，etc. Patchouli plays an anti-inflammatory role by controlling the content of prostaglandin，malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in serum. To protect the gastrointestinal tract，patchouli oil plays a role in regulating gastrointestinal movement，promoting digestive secretion，and protecting the intestinal barrier. The water extract and volatile oil of patchouli have certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli，Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans，among which the inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus is obviously stronger than that on enterobacteria. In this paper，the functions of patchouli and its active components are summarized，which will provide theoretical basis for future research and development and promote its application and development in clinical medicine，chemical industry and traditional Chinese medicine. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress in Drug Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease YANG Xu-hua, DU Shuang, SHEN Li-xia, HAO Jun-rong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (3): 47-53. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.009 Abstract（ 129） PDF（1023KB）（ 14） Alzheimer’s disease has caused a serious of public health problem，there are only two classes of drugs have been approved by FDA to treat the AD presently，but these medicines can only control the symptoms of AD，they can’t delay or block the progress of the disease process. This article first summarized the pathogenesis of AD，and then introduced two types of drugs used to treat AD which is approved by the FDA currently：cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor blockers. Finally，based on the possible mechanism of neural degenerative diseases we discussed the potential drugs for the treatment of AD，so as to provide evidences for the development of new AD drugs in the future. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on Pharmacological Effects of L-theanine LIU Shan, LI Wei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (2): 24-32. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.02.006 Abstract（ 124） PDF（1154KB）（ 19） L-theanine (L-The) is a non-protein amino acid extracted from green tea. It has strong antioxidant activity and various pharmacological effects. For the central nervous system，L-The can improve cognitive function by directly promoting the occurrence of neurokines and indirectly resisting oxidation and other protective effects，which is beneficial to the treatment of AD. Besides，L-The，by exerting the characteristics of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation，plays a role in neuroprotective agents. What`s more，it can also improve mood and sleep by increasing the activity of α wave and up-regulating the level of dopamine. For cardiovascular system，L-The can prevent cardiovascular disease by regulating NO level，regulating diurnal disorder and reducing LDL level. For tumor treatment，L-The can play an auxiliary role in anti-cancer by promoting tumor cell apoptosis and regulating the biological distribution of anticancer drugs；it can also protect multiple organs through anti-oxidation，including reducing drug damage to the body during treatment. For the immune system，L-The can increase the weight of the spleen，improve immunity，and reduce the risk of viral infection. For metabolism，L-The can also promote glucose metabolism and reduce the risk of type Ⅱ diabetes，and promote physical recovery after exercise. Because of its extensive pharmacological effects，L-The has a broad research prospect，which has been highly valued by scholars at home and abroad，and the related research is also gradually increasing. Based on the current research on pharmacology of L-The， the pharmacological effects of L-The on central nervous system，cardiovascular system，antitumor， reducing toxicity，immune system and metabolic regulation were reviewed. It is hoped that it can provide theoretical reference for the research and development of L-the and clinical medication. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of High-Fat Diet and Alzheimer’s Disease HUANG Ying, HUO Yan-li, MING Yue, HAO Jun-rong ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (6): 54-59. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.06.010 Abstract（ 124） PDF（1104KB）（ 30） High-fat diet plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This paper reviews the possible pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease in recent years，and further expounds the possible mechanism of high fat diet causing Alzheimer’s disease:High fat diet increases the content of saturated free fatty acids in plasma and speeds up the pathological process of AD;High fat diet promotes the occurrence of AD by influencing blood lipid levels;A high-fat diet will lead to the production of large amounts of fat and cause chronic inflammation，the inflammatory factors produced cross the blood-brain barrier and stimulate neuroinflammatory cells;High-fat food will affect the gut bacteria，which in turn affect the microbiota - brain - gut axis，then lead to the AD. Based on the above mechanisms，we can treat or prevent AD by reducing free saturated fatty acids，regulating lipid metabolism disorders，improving inflammation，and regulating intestinal flora. Related Articles|Metrics

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Application of Curcumin and Its Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases XU Jie, JIANGYan, ZHANG Xinxin, ZHAO Liyan, ZHANG Wanming ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2021, 11 (1): 30-37. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.01.005 Abstract（ 120） PDF（1012KB）（ 17） Curcumin is a kind of hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma. It has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation. It can improve the symptoms of cancer, diabetes and brain injury. With the development of research, it has been found that it has good anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Curcumin has been proved to have good potential in the treatment of nervous system diseases. However, poor solubility, low stability, rapid clearance rate in vivo and poor permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) limit its clinical application. In recent years, nanoparticles based drug delivery systems have effectively improved the water solubility and bioavailability of Curcumin. In this review, effects and possible mechanisms of Curcumin and its nanoparticles have been elucidated in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and glioblastoma, etc. Related Articles|Metrics

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The Relationship between Hyperuricemia and Chronic Kidney Disease LIN Si-mei, ZHOU Hong, YANG Bao-xue ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (2): 55-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.02.010 Abstract（ 118） PDF（1168KB）（ 8） In China，the prevalence of hyperuricemia （HUA） is over 13% （males as high as 18.5%），and shows the trend of increasing year by year. Hyperuricemia mainly affects the kidney，leading directly to acute/chronic uric acid nephropathy or uric acid stone，and manifests chronic kidney disease （CKD） characterized by chronic interstitial nephritis and renal fibrosis caused by uric acid. CKD is a progressive disease in which the structure and function of kidney are impaired，which has seriously affected human health and living quality. This article reviews the effect of hyperuricemia on the kidney，the correlation between uric acid and CKD，the pathogenesis and the therapeutic strategy. Related Articles|Metrics

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Establishment and Evaluation of the Spinal Cord Injury Model in Rats QIAN Qi-bing, WANG Jin-ying, ZHAO Chen-yu, et al ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2021, 11 (2): 21-25. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.005 Abstract（ 115） PDF（3010KB）（ 8） Objective：To prepare and evaluate the model of acute spinal cord injury（SCI）in rats，so as to lay a foundation for exploring the mechanism of SCI secondary reaction and the early intervention of SCI repair. Methods：The male SD rats aged 10 weeks were randomly divided as SCI group and Sham group（n=12）. In SCI group，the thoracic vertebrae laminectomy was performed at the 9-11ththoracic vertebrae（T9-11）. At T10，the spinal cord was completely clamped with an aneurysm clamp（50 g for 40 s），to prepare the acute SCI model in rats. The rats in Sham group only underwent laminectomy at T9-11. After SCI，the hindlimb motor function of rats was evaluated according to BBB scores. HE staining and TUNEL staining were respectively conducted to detect the pathological changes and cell apoptosis of spinal cord tissue. The relative content of proteins closely related to cell apoptosis was detected by Western blot. Results：The BBB scores of motor function in SCI group were significantly lower than those in Sham group；HE staining showed that the spinal cord structure of SCI group was severely damaged，cell body contracted，intercellular space became increased，and gray matter cavities were obviously seen；There was no abnormal change in Sham group. TUNEL staining demonstrated that the rate of cell apoptosis in SCI group was significantly higher than that of Sham group；Western blot results showed that SCI significantly decreased the relative content of Bcl-2，but increased the relative content of Bax and caspase-3. Conclusion：The SCI model prepared with an aneurysm clip compression could reflect the pathophysiology of the injured spinal cords. In view of the stability and simplicity of the model making，the clip compression should be widely recommended in the research of SCI repair. Related Articles|Metrics

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Advances in Pharmacological Effects of Chrysophanol YUAN Xin-ru, ZHANG Dan-shen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (6): 34-40. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.06.006 Abstract（ 115） PDF（1111KB）（ 25） Chrysophanol is one of the effective monomers of anthraquinones that extracted from traditional Chinese medicine. It exists in the form of free aglycon in rhubarb，fleeceflower root，polygonum cuspidatum，cassia，pinellia，etc. Studies have found that chrysophanol has good pharmacological activities in neuroprotection，anti-oxidation，anti-cancer，anti-inflammatory，antibacterial and anti-virus，and promotion of fat metabolism. Although there are many studies on the pharmacological activity of chrysophanol，the overall review of it is relatively few. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pharmacological effects of chrysophanol，and provides valuable references for further research and clinical applications. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of SIRT1 in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury ZHANG Jia-xiu, ZOU Yu-an ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (6): 41-44. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.06.007 Abstract（ 109） PDF（1019KB）（ 10） Acute ischemic stroke is a kind of disease with complicated pathogenesis and no effective treatment at present. Silencing information regulator 1(SIRT1)is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)-dependent deacetylase，and is one of the important regulators of aging，apoptosis and other physiological activities. Studies have shown that SIRT1 is closely related to the neuroprotective effect of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and may be a new target for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Lidocaine Transdermal Preparations JIN Shan, ZHANG Dan-shen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (3): 16-20. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.003 Abstract（ 109） PDF（993KB）（ 15） Objective：To explore the research progress of lidocaine transdermal preparations and provide references for the preparation of new，safe and efficient transdermallocal anesthetic preparations required for clinical treatment. Methods：The relevant literatures of lidocaine transdermal preparations at home and abroad were searched in recent years，and the main dosage forms and characteristics of the transdermal preparations were reviewed. Results： Lidocaine transdermal preparations can increase the transdermal rate，have a rapid onset of action，improve bioavailability，and reduce adverse reactions. The currently retrieved lidocaine dosage forms include creams，gels and other traditional preparations and microemulsions，microemulsion gels，liposomes，alcohol liposomes，film sprays，cataplasms，mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The particles are loaded with new carrier dosage forms such as lidocaine. Conclusion：With the development of new transdermal dosage forms and new technologies， the research results of lidocaine transdermal preparations are expected to be used safely and efficiently in the future. Reference|Related Articles|Metrics

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The Relationship Between Astrocytes and Ischemic Stroke GUO Zixia, ZHANG Danshen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2021, 11 (1): 18-23. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.01.003 Abstract（ 109） PDF（921KB）（ 47） Stroke is a central nervous system disease with a very high incidence nowadays，which seriously endangers human health. As the most widely distributed cell in the brain，astrocytes play an important role in the nervous system and are closely related to stroke. This article describes the relationship between astrocytes and stroke through the physiological role of astrocytes，hoping to provide more references for the basic research and treatment of stroke in the future. Related Articles|Metrics

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Study on the Mechanism of Radix Paeoniae Rubra on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology YOU Si-han, BAI Jing-ru, WANG Zhi-bao, TAN Xiao-hong, GUO Chun-yan ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2020, 10 (6): 1-12. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.06.001 Abstract（ 108） PDF（11223KB）（ 23） Objective:To predict the mechanism of Radix Paeoniae Rubra in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)by network pharmacology.Methods:Through TCMSP database(https://tcmspw.com/tcmspsearch.php)，the chemical constituents of Radix Paeoniae Rubra were searched，and the targets of Radix Paeoniae Rubra were predicted by STD database and SEA database. Through OMIM database(http://www.omim.org)，drugbank database(https:// www.drugbank.ca/)and TTD database(http://db.idrblab.net/ttd/)，the corresponding targets of HCC were collected. Then, the common targets from both active ingredient targets and HCC disease targets were obtained. The String platform was used to collect liver cancer disease-related target proteins, and GO analysis was performed with David database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.2.1 software, and the core targets were obtained by topological analysis. The mechanism of Radix Paeoniae Rubra on HCC was further analyzed.Results:A total of 28 compounds and 442 targets from Radix Paeoniae Rubra were obtained from TCMSP database. A total of 148 HCC-related disease targets were retrieved from OMIM, DrugBank and TTD databases. Twenty-three common targets from both active ingredient targets and HCC disease targets were obtained. There were 193 nodes and 722 edges in the protein- protein interaction network，and 95 nodes，439 edges and 21 core targets were obtained by topological index screening. A total of 561 biological processes，85 cellular components and 130 molecular functions were obtained by GO annotation.Conclusion:Network pharmacology intuitively shows that Radix Paeoniae Rubra has multiple components，multiple targets and multiple pathways in the treatment of HCC. This study provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up development of medicines for the treatment of HCC. Related Articles|Metrics