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The Protective Effects of Arctigenin Combined with Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs on Rotenone-Treated PC12 Cells ZHANG Na， DOU De-qiang 2017, 7 (3): 1-5. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.03.001 Abstract( 530) PDF(4796KB) ( 176) Objective： To study the protective effects of arctigenin and verify the synergistic effect of combined arctigenin and positive drug （bromocriptine mesylate and benzhexol hydrochloride） on rotenone-treated PC12 cells. Methods： Rotenone-treated PC12 cells were employed for the in vitro experiments. The cells were exposed to rotenone with or without arctigenin and different positive drug solutions with different concentration. The optical density （OD） value was determined by microplate reade r， and the cell survival rate of each group was calculated. The cell viability was assessed using MTT to estimate the protective effect of arctigenin， positive drug only or combination of arctigenin and positive drug on the growth of PC12 cells of different concentration， and the median-effect principle was used to analyze union of medication. Results： Compared to the model group， the cell viability of groups （arctigenin， bromocriptine mesylate and benzhexol hydrochloride） was significantly increased. According to the Chou-Talalay method， the combination index （CI） of arctigenin and bromocriptine mesylate （ratio：1∶4 and 1∶2 ） was beyond 1， and the CI of arctigenin and benzhexol hydrochloride （ratio：1∶1 and 2∶1 ） was also greater than 1， show that combination effect both were antagonistic action. Conclusion：Combination of arctigenin and bromocriptine mesylate or benzhexol hydrochloride have not synergistic protective effect on PC12 cells treated with rotenone， but have antagonistic action. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Advance of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease BAI Yan-chang，JIA Yan-li，SONG Ya-xue，WANG Jian-hua 2017, 7 (3): 6-11. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.03.002 Abstract( 215) PDF(7014KB) ( 129) Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a commom neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly， which mainly manifeste cognitive function， behavioral and psychological symptoms，and activities of daily living. Structue imaging technology is mainly used for measuring the brain structure， which provides support for the diagnosis of AD， but structural imaging of early stage Alzheimer’s disease has no characteristic changes， and it has low sensitivity and specificity for AD diagnosis. However， functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） of brain can compensate for structural imaging technology， and explore the mechanism of pathophysiological of AD. In this paper， we reviewed the functional imaging methods for studying AD nowdays， such as， blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging （BOLD-fMRI）and diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI）， diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）， magnetic resonance spectroscopy（ MRS） and resting state fMRI（ RS-fMRI）， and so on. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Regulation of Neuroplasticity by MicroRNA in Depression Disorder REN Qian,WANG Zhen-zhen,CHEN Nai-hong 2017, 7 (3): 12-20. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.03.003 Abstract( 215) PDF(10581KB) ( 144) Depression is a debilitating disease. It is easy to relapse and has high mortality disability. MicroRNA （miRNA），recently discovered as a novel small non-coding RNA and widely distributed in the body，is a class of length of 22 nucleotides. It usually inhibits mRNA translation or mediate mRNA degradation to control a series of physiological and pathological processes by binding to target mRNA 3’UTR in vivo. Recent studies show that patients with depression disorder are involved in the changes of neuronal structures and function，the disorder of neuroplasticity and synaptic transmission，as well as increasing mRNA. miRNA plays an important role in these process. In this review，in order to further understand and find better the treatment of depression，we summarize the recent studies of miRNA about neuroplasticity in depression disorder. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on Mechanisms Underlying Aconitines Analgesia HUANG Qian，SUN Ming-li，LI Teng-fei，WANG Yong-xiang 2017, 7 (3): 21-32. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.03.004 Abstract( 290) PDF(16677KB) ( 142) Aconitum has abundant resources and has been prescribed in China and other eastern Asia countries for analgesic，anti-rheumatic and neurological indications for centuries. As the principal active constituents present in Aconitum，diterpenoid alkaloids possess therapeutic activities against inflammation，nociception and tumors，and can be divided into four skeletal categories：C18-，C19-，C20- and bis-diterpenoid alkaloid. In this review，we summarized the research progress on the analgesic effects and the underlying mechanisms of several clinically effective diterpenoid alkaloids in Aconitum including bulleyaconitine （C19-diterpenoid alkaloid），bullatine A （C20-diterpenoid alkaloid） and lappaconitine （C18-diterpenoid alkaloid），as well as aconitine （C19-diterpenoid alkaloid）. We also explored the scientific rationale for the Aconitum processing.Bulleyaconitine，bullatine A，lappaconitine and aconitine exhibit potent analgesic effects in a variety of animal models of pain hypersensitivity as well as in clinic. Their antinociception is entirely mediated by stimulation of spinal microglial dynorphin A expression via a Gs/cAMP/ PKA/p38β/CREB signal transduction pathway，which then activates the post-synaptic neuronal κ-opioid receptors. Processing of aconitine induces the increase of benzoylaconine，which has lower toxicity and higher therapeutic index. In addition，aconitines or the Aconitum extracts produce antinociception without induction of tolerance and inhibit morphine antinociceptive tolerance，which is also through stimulation expression of spinal dynorphin A. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Advances Achievements of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Signaling Pathways in Central Nervous Degenerative Diseases ZHANG Li-na，ZHANG Xin，XUE Juan，ZHANG Dan-shen 2017, 7 (3): 33-42. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.03.005 Abstract( 256) PDF(12179KB) ( 135) It is found that Chinese medicine play a important role in the prevention and treatment of the central nervous system diseases（AD，PD，cerebral ischemia，etc） by adjusting the key signaling molecule such as Wnt，β-catenin，TCF/LEF，PI3K，AKT，mTOR，NF-κB，Cyt-C，Bcl-2 family，Caspases enzyme，etc，along with in-depth study of the pathogenesis on Chinese medicine used to delay aging and prevent age-related diseases. This article focuses on three signaling pathways （Wnt/β-catenin，PI3K/Akt，mitochondrial apoptosis） and reviews the prevention and treatment of Chinese medicine on the central nervous system degenerative diseases mainly. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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null 2017, 7 (3): 43-43. Abstract( 189) null References|Related Articles|Metrics