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Mining Target Genes of Alzheimer’s Disease Associated with Biological Clock by Bioinformatics Analysis ZHANG Hao-ting, SONG Gui-qin, CUI Ruo-tong, HAO Min, WANG Wen-dong 2020, 10 (3): 1-7. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.001 Abstract( 57) PDF(1350KB) ( 9) Objective：To explore the therapeutic molecular targets associated with Alzheimer’s disease and biological rhythm disorders. Methods：The GSE28146 dataset was obtained from the GEO database，and R software was used to mine and screen differentially expressed genes. Alzheimer’s disease genes associated with biological rhythm disorder were screened by text mining and protein interaction，and the chromosome location，functional annotation and pathway analysis were carried out. Results：A total of 372 differentially expressed genes of Alzheimer’s disease were found，which were widely distributed on chromosomes and participated in the process of transcriptional regulation and immune response；TIPIN gene is the intersection of circadian disorder and Alzheimer’s disease；there are 34 Alzheimer’s disease differential expression genes interacted with 43 biological rhythm genes. Conclusion：Biological rhythm disorder is closely related to the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Preparation and Pharmacological Activities of Resveratrol Nanoparticles DU Bao-ze, TAN Xiao-hong 2020, 10 (3): 8-16. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.002 Abstract( 83) PDF(1025KB) ( 16) Resveratrol with polyphenolic structure has been proved to be reductive，reduce inflammation and has the effects of cardiovascular protection and cellular inhibitory by correlational studies，and resveratrol can not be directly applied to clinical practice，because of poor water solubility，instability and low bioavailability. It is a kind of antitoxin produced by plant body to resist mould infection. It is commonly found in Chinese medicine and food. If resveratrol nanoparticles were prepared by new technology，the water solubility，stability，bioavailability and clinical value of resveratrol can be improved，and it can have the obvious sustanined-release effect and targeting. It has antioxidant，anti-tumor，anti-inflammatory pharmacological activitie. The paper has reviewed the preparation of resveratrol nanoparticles and their pharmacological effects，in order to provide references for the research and development and clinical application，and it’s good to expand view of resveratrol study. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Lidocaine Transdermal Preparations JIN Shan, ZHANG Dan-shen 2020, 10 (3): 16-20. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.003 Abstract( 109) PDF(993KB) ( 15) Objective：To explore the research progress of lidocaine transdermal preparations and provide references for the preparation of new，safe and efficient transdermallocal anesthetic preparations required for clinical treatment. Methods：The relevant literatures of lidocaine transdermal preparations at home and abroad were searched in recent years，and the main dosage forms and characteristics of the transdermal preparations were reviewed. Results： Lidocaine transdermal preparations can increase the transdermal rate，have a rapid onset of action，improve bioavailability，and reduce adverse reactions. The currently retrieved lidocaine dosage forms include creams，gels and other traditional preparations and microemulsions，microemulsion gels，liposomes，alcohol liposomes，film sprays，cataplasms，mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The particles are loaded with new carrier dosage forms such as lidocaine. Conclusion：With the development of new transdermal dosage forms and new technologies， the research results of lidocaine transdermal preparations are expected to be used safely and efficiently in the future. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Senile Macular Degeneration GAO Yun-xia, ZHANG Yuan-yuan 2020, 10 (3): 21-26. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.004 Abstract( 39) PDF(1006KB) ( 2) Since the 21st century，China has been facing a serious problem of population aging. It is reported that in 2019，12.6% of China’s total population will be aged over 65， and 18.1% will be aged over 60，making China one of the countries with the fastest aging population in the world. Along with the improving of the social medical level around the world，the change of the people’s ideas and the rising cost of raising the next generation，lead to the global population life expectancy extension and desire for the birth of the next generation of fall further，it will make the acceleration of global into an aging society，also makes the senile monocular macular degeneration with a fairly large can be diseased population. Senile macular degeneration，or，age-ralated macular degeneration is irreversible eye disease，and it has a extremely high incidence in the middle-aged and ages people over the age of 50 and with the growth of the age the incidence rate is increasing gradually，eventually it could lead to patients see things out of shape，see straight as wavy lines and black spots in the center of the field of vision. The onset of the disease may be in both eyes or in one eye at the same time. This disease has gradually become the main cause of irreversible visual impairment or loss of middle-aged and elderly people in China and even around the world. The exact origin and etiology of senile macular degeneration are not yet clear. It is speculated that senile macular degeneration may be related to various genetic and environmental factors，chronic light injury，cardiovascular diseases，metabolic disorders，etc. Endoplasmic reticulum（ER） is an essential organelle in organisms with nuclear membrane-covered nuclei. When cells are attacked，the homeostasis of the intracell ular environmentwill be damaged，resulting in endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS）. Some research results show that endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. The purpose of this paper is to briefly describe the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in age-related macular degeneration. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress on Physiological Activity of Patchouli XU Jia-qi, ZHANG Hai-hong 2020, 10 (3): 27-32. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.005 Abstract( 130) PDF(1046KB) ( 16) Patchouli is one of the top ten southern medicines in China. Its main functions are to dispel heat and dehumidify，prevent stomach vomiting，and aromatize turbidity. Patchouli general forms of treatment by patchouli essential oil and water extract，its main ingredients include flavonoids，terpenoids，alkaloids，and some chemicals，such as alcohols，the major effective components have a wide grandiflorum，sweet alcohol，ketone of patchouli and patchouli ene，etc.have anti-inflammatory analgesic，protect the gastrointestinal tract，antitumor，anti malaria parasites and antioxidant，etc. Patchouli plays an anti-inflammatory role by controlling the content of prostaglandin，malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in serum. To protect the gastrointestinal tract，patchouli oil plays a role in regulating gastrointestinal movement，promoting digestive secretion，and protecting the intestinal barrier. The water extract and volatile oil of patchouli have certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli，Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans，among which the inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus is obviously stronger than that on enterobacteria. In this paper，the functions of patchouli and its active components are summarized，which will provide theoretical basis for future research and development and promote its application and development in clinical medicine，chemical industry and traditional Chinese medicine. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Advances in Research on Influencing Factors of Sleep-Wake Rhythm During Perioperative Period LI Hui, TENG Jin-liang 2020, 10 (3): 33-36. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.006 Abstract( 48) PDF(998KB) ( 5) In a constant environment，the behavior and physiology of almost all organisms have a circadian rhythm，with a cycle of about 24 hours，of which the daily sleep-wake rhythm is the most important circadian rhythm. Perioperative bad mood，general anesthesia，surgical trauma and external factors may affect the sleep-wake rhythm. The disorder of the rhythm causes damage to the body and prolongs the hospital stay，which is contrary to the concept of rapid postoperative recovery. The factors that affect the circadian rhythm changes during the operation period are particularly important. This article will review the factors that affect the perioperative period and the adverse effects on the body. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Recent Advances in the Research of the Nutritive and Active Components of Common Mushrooms DONG Xue-yuan, WANG Zhi-bao 2020, 10 (3): 37-41. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.007 Abstract( 64) PDF(1016KB) ( 24) Mushroom belongs to fungus，some of which are edible，delicious，soft and glutinous meat，high nutritional value，and has a certain role in health care，is a kind of green health food. Due to different growth environments，there are many kinds of mushrooms，which are rich in proteins，amino acids，scarbohydrate，lipids，cellulose，vitamins，minerals and other components，and have a very high development value. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Danggui Shaoyao Powder in Improving Cognitive Function SUN Yi, HOU Xue-qin, WANG Fu-gang 2020, 10 (3): 42-46. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.008 Abstract( 82) PDF(1023KB) ( 14) Danggui Shaoyao San is an ancient recipe of Chinese medicine recorded in Jingui Yaolue by Zhang Zhong-jing in Han Dynasty. It was created for“ women with pregnancy”，“women with various diseases and pains in the abdomen. It is a famous prescription for strengthening spleen and clearing damp，nourishing blood and regulating liver. Danggui Shaoyao San has a neuroprotective effect. Its mechanism of action is mainly related to regulation of estrogen level，inhibition of oxidative stress，neuronal synapses and other transduction pathways and related signal molecules. Therefore，Danggui Shaoyao San may be used as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and other central neurodegenerative diseases. pharmacological effects and mechanism of Danggui Shaoyao San will be described. Danggui Shaoyao San，as well as the latest research on the effects，would be paid more and more attention. In this paper，the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Danggui Shaoyao San were reviewed. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress in Drug Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease YANG Xu-hua, DU Shuang, SHEN Li-xia, HAO Jun-rong 2020, 10 (3): 47-53. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.009 Abstract( 129) PDF(1023KB) ( 14) Alzheimer’s disease has caused a serious of public health problem，there are only two classes of drugs have been approved by FDA to treat the AD presently，but these medicines can only control the symptoms of AD，they can’t delay or block the progress of the disease process. This article first summarized the pathogenesis of AD，and then introduced two types of drugs used to treat AD which is approved by the FDA currently：cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor blockers. Finally，based on the possible mechanism of neural degenerative diseases we discussed the potential drugs for the treatment of AD，so as to provide evidences for the development of new AD drugs in the future. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Relationship between Prostaglandin Receptor EP4 and Renal Diseases XIONG Meng-yao, JIA Ying-li, YANG Bao-xue 2020, 10 (3): 54-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.03.010 Abstract( 67) PDF(1046KB) ( 11) Prostaglandin receptor 4 （EP4） is the receptor of endogenous lipid medium prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） ，belongs to the G protein coupled receptor （GPCR） . EP4 is widely distributed in almost all tissues and organs in the body. In the kidney，there is high expression in the glomerular granulosa cells and epithelial cells，distal convoluted tubules and cortical collecting tubular cells. Because EP4 can be coupled with the Gs，Gi protein pathways at the same time，it is closely related to the physiological functions and pathophysiological processes，such as vascular tone，oxidative stress，inflammation，cell proliferation. Studies on systemic and renal specific EP4 knockout mice and the development of selective EP4 agonist/antagonist proved EP4 receptors play a key role in the kidney，the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway can produce protective and adverse effects at the same time. This review article analyzes and summarizes the association of EP4 receptor in renal diseases，including renal hypertension，renal ischemia/reperfusion injury，nephrogenic diabetes insipidus，glomerulonephritis，glomerulosclerosis，chronic kidney disease and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. References|Related Articles|Metrics