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Expressions of Slit2/Robo1 in Rats with Cerebral Infarction and Changes after Intervened by Urinary Kallidinogenase LIU Hai-yan, QIAN Qi, ZHENG Xian-zhao, LV Hai-dong 2020, 10 (1): 1-4. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.001 Abstract( 45) PDF(1259KB) ( 2) Objective：To explore the relationship between Slit2/Robo1 signaling and investigate the expression of Slit2&Robo1 in rat cerebral infarction models and Urinary Kallidinogenase（ UK） intervention. Methods：Fifty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into sham group （SG），model group （MG） and Urinary Kallidinogenase group （UKG） randomly. The groups were further randomized into three subgroups：1 d，3 d，and7 d after infarction occurred. Cerebral ischemia model was established via the suture method. UKG were injected UK via tail vein and the MG received equal volume of saline. Western-blot was used to analyze the level of Slit2 and eNOS at different time points and RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Robo1 mRNA. Results：The expression of Slit2 and eNOS was significantly increased in the MG and UKG，meanwhile，it was positively correlated with eNOS. In the MG and UKG，the levels of Robo1 were significantly decreased in the early period and the expression remained suppressed until 3 d after occlusion，not yet reached the level of SG by 7 d，the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions：The expression of Slit2 protein in rats after focal cerebral infarction is increased，and Slit2 may participate in the process of angiogenesis after cerebral infarction in rats. Urinary Kallidinogenase may promote the process of angiogenesis in rats after cerebral infarction by increasing Slit2 / Robo1. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Efficiency of Different Dose of Dexmedetomide Combined with Butorphano in Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia after Total Hip Replacement in the Elderly GONG Jie, LI Guo-li, TENG Jin-liang 2020, 10 (1): 5-9. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.002 Abstract( 62) PDF(1078KB) ( 5) Objective：To evaluation the efficiency of different dose of dexmedetomide combined with butorphano in Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after total hip replacement in the elderly. Methods：The study involved 60 cases scheduled for total hip replacement in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2019，sixty patients of ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ aged from 60~75 were randomly devided into three groups（C、D1 and D2 group），20 cases in each group. All of them performed Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after operation. In C group，PCIA solution contained butorphano 0.15 mg·kg-1；In D1 group，PCIA solution contained butorphano 0.15 mg·kg-1+dexmedetomide 1.5 μg·kg-1；In D2 group，PCIA solution contained butorphano 0.15 mg·kg-1+dexmedetomide 2.0 μg·kg-1，which in all groups were diluted with normal saline to 100 ml.The VAS pain score ，Ramsay sedation score，blood pressure，heart rate and adverse reactions were evaluated at 4，8，24，36，and 48 hours after operation. Results：Compared with C group，the VAS pain score，Ramsay sedation score of D1 and D2 is better than that of C group （P<0.05），the difference of VAS pain score ，Ramsay sedation score were not statistically significant（P>0.05）；Blood pressure （systolic blood pressure，diastolic blood pressure） and heart rate of each group at different time points were lower than those of C group（P<0.05）； The incidence of nausea，vomiting and dizziness was significantly higher in C group （P<0.05），the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia was significantly higher in D2 group（P<0.05）； The PCIA pressing times of group C was significiently higher than D1 and D2 group（P<0.05）. Conclusion：butorphano 0.15 mg·kg-1 and dexmedetomide 1.5 μg·kg-1 used for PCIA after total hip replacement in elderly is significant and fewer side effects. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Study on the Protective Mechanism of Effective Components of Ginseng on Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology ZHONG Wei-quan, LIU You-bo, ZHOU Cai-jie, ZHENG Yin-ju, WU Ming-li, LIANG Min, ZHANG Yuan-yuan 2020, 10 (1): 10-16. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.003 Abstract( 80) PDF(2120KB) ( 4) Objective：To explore the mechanism of effective components of ginseng on osteoarthritis by using network pharmacology technology. Methods：TCMSP database was used to screen the main active compounds and pharmacodynamic genes of ginseng，and GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to screen the target genes related to osteoarthritis. Use R language to intersect target genes related to ginseng and osteoarthritis，and screen out gene targets for active compounds of ginseng to treat osteoarthritis. The gene network was drawn by Cytoscape software，and the ginseng-protein mutual aid map was constructed using the String database，and the core target genes were selected. Finally，R language was used to analyze the GO and KEGG pathways of the selected gene targets. Results：22 active compounds of ginseng were screened out，and a total of 51 target genes may be involved in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Obtained 144 GO biological processes and 143 KEGG signal pathways，which are mainly enriched in cell inflammation，bacterial infection，AGE-RAGE，TNF and other signal pathways. Conclusion：The action mechanism of ginseng in treating osteoarthritis may be related to antibacterial inflammation and reducing bacterial infection. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research on Local Hemostatic Materials and Mechanisms ZHANG Jian-mei, ZHANG Dan-shen 2020, 10 (1): 17-19. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.004 Abstract( 60) PDF(1031KB) ( 3) The normal hemostasis and coagulation mechanism of the body depends on the blood vessel wall，platelets，coagulation factors，anticoagulant factors，fibrinolysis system and the physiological regulation and balance between them. The literature shows that the ideal hemostatic material should have：①directly for bleeding wounds，short hemostasis time；②no mixing or other preparation work when using；③cheap，easy to use；④long-term storage，easy to carry；⑤absorbable，no need Clean up，no tissue damage and risk of infection. Throughout the development of hemostatic materials，from chemical to protein，cellulose，polysaccharides，from non-absorbable to absorbable，toxicity is gradually reduced；from animal-derived to plantderived，reducing rejection ，reducing the risk of the spread of animal-borne diseases. The normal hemostasis of the body depends mainly on intact vessel wall structure and function，effective platelet mass and quantity，and normal plasma clotting factor activity. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Optimized Extraction of Mulberrin from Morus Notabilis Schneid ZUO Ya-qi, GAO Zhi-hong, PANG Ce, SUN Zhuan-you, LI Fang, ZHEN Pan 2020, 10 (1): 20-23. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.005 Abstract( 58) PDF(1120KB) ( 8) Objective：To investigate the optimum extraction technology of mulberrin from Morus notabilis Schneid. Methods：Taking the content of mulberrin as an index，the effects of ethanol concentration，extraction time，solvent multiple，extraction times on the extraction efficiency of mulberrin was investigated by 4-Factor-3-Level orthogonal experiment. HPLC was used to detect the extraction efficiency of mulberrin on YMC-Pack ODS-A column （4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm） with water- methanol （20：80） as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1，the column temperature was 25 ℃ and the wavelength of UV detector was 268 nm. Results：The optimum extraction technology：before extraction，Morus notabilis was soaked in extraction solvent for 3.0 h，and extracted with reflux for 3 times，each extraction time was 0.5 h，and the extraction solvent multiple was 20 times. Under optimal extraction conditions，the content of mulberry in Morus notabilis Schneid was 1.510 mg·g-1. Conclusion：Ethanol concentration，solvent multiple and extraction times all had significant effects on the extraction efficiency of mulberry，and the extraction time didn’t have significant influences on the extraction efficiency of mulberry. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Promoting Angiogenesis and Its Important Role in Intracerebral Diseases ZHENG Bei-bei, FENG Shuo, GUO Meng-yuan, FENG Pu, CEN Juan, ZHANG Feng 2020, 10 (1): 24-28. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.006 Abstract( 75) PDF(1081KB) ( 4) Reactive oxygen species （ROS） were cellular metabolism byproducts，and they play an important role in the development and progression of cerebral ischemia. ROS elimination was usually recognized as an important way of neuroprotection in previous studies. However，recent studies have shown that ROS not only mediate brain tissue damage after ischemia，but also promote tissue repair as signal molecules. Certain amount of ROS can promote cell proliferation，migration，activate angiogenesis-related pathways，and facilitate angiogenesis. Therefore，comprehensive understanding of the role of ROS in the dynamic process after cerebral ischemia，and rational regulation of ROS content in cerebral ischemia can promote angiogenesis in damaged areas，which is of great significance for recovery of blood supply and protection for neuron function. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Progress of Magnesium in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Migraine ZHANG Li-huan, CHU Bao, ZHANG Xiao-yan, SUN Ying-ru, GONG Chun-dong, WANG He-bo 2020, 10 (1): 29-33. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.007 Abstract( 56) PDF(1056KB) ( 14) Magnesium is the second most abundant cation in cells and plays an important role in many life activities.Magnesium deficiency can induce cerebral spreading depression（CSD），promote platelet aggregation，affect the function of 5-HT receptor and the synthesis and release of a variety of neurotransmitters.Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling neurological disease with a complex and diverse pathogenesis that remains unclear. In recent years，the role of magnesium in migraine has received increasing attention. Some studies have shown that oral or intravenous magnesium supplementation can treat and prevent migraine attacks. This paper reviews the role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraine in order to provide more theoretical basis for clinical treatment of migraine. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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New Progress of Dexmedetomidine in Preventing Postoperative Agitation and Improving the Quality of Life Recently NI Miao-ran, LI Fu-long 2020, 10 (1): 34-39. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.008 Abstract( 54) PDF(2182KB) ( 3) Postoperative agitation is one of the adverse reactions of general anesthesia，which greatly increases the incidence of postoperative complications. There are many reasons for postoperative agitation，and reasonable and effective nursing for these reasons can significantly reduce the incidence，and improve the quality of life of patients. Dexmedetomidine is a new α2 receptor agonist，which has sedative，analgesic and anti-sympathetic excitatory effects，and can effectively prevent the occurrence of agitation. So Dexmedetomidine is widely used in clinic in recent years. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Study Progress on Phytoestrogen-Mediated Mitochondrial Pathway’s Neuroprotective Effects in Alzheimer’s Disease ZHEN Yan-jie, GUO Tong-lin, ZHAO Yu-wei, SHEN Li-xia 2020, 10 (1): 40-46. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.009 Abstract( 87) PDF(1097KB) ( 3) Alzheimer’s disease （AD） is a neurodegenerative disease that is more common in the elderly，mainly manifesting as memory loss，cognitive dysfunction，and behavioral abnormalities. Studies have found that estrogen （ER） replacement therapy can delay the progression of AD，but its application can cause various side effects，so finding new treatments has become an inevitable trend. Studies have shown phytoestrogen （PE），which has a similar structure to 17β-estradiol，has a good effects on AD and has fewer side effects，and can replace estrogen to play a neuroprotective role in treating AD. It is well known that mitochondria are an important factor for cell survival in all cell morphologies. The normal functioning of neurons depends to a large extent on the health of mitochondria. This text will review the related content of the phytoestrogens-mediated mitochondrial protective effect on neurons. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Research Advances in Sarcopenia HE Pan, LIU Yue-tao, DU Guan-hua, QIN Xue-mei 2020, 10 (1): 47-53. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.010 Abstract( 150) PDF(1131KB) ( 42) Sarcopenia is an age-related，progressive syndrome，which is characterized by decline of skeletal muscle mass，strength and muscle function. It has high morbidity and complex pathogenesis. Then it leads to the loss of life ability and the decline in life quality of the aged. It is significant to diagnose，prevent and treat sarcopenia early in clinic and practice. In this review，etiology and pathological mechanism of sarcopenia，present treatment and models of the disease are summarized systematically，which could provide a reference for exploring its machenism deeply and screening drugs of the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. References|Related Articles|Metrics

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Pathogenesis of Diluted Hyponatremia and Therapeutic Strategy WANG Shu-yuan, YANG Bao-xue 2020, 10 (1): 54-64. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.01.011 Abstract( 61) PDF(2618KB) ( 8) Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disturbance encountered in clinical practice，occurring in approximately 15%~30% of hospitalized patients. Hyponatremia carries a poor prognosis，being associated with significant mortality and morbidity. This review aims to be insight into diluted hyponatremia，lay theoretical foundation for the treatment，and provide supports for the discovery of new types of diuretics by sorting out and discussing the pathogenesis and management of diluted hyponatremia in cirrhosis，syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and heart failure. References|Related Articles|Metrics